Structure

Structure is a user define data-type in C language. Structure holds different type elements.

Each element of structure is called member.

struct is a keyword.

Syntax

struct structure_name{
data-type member-variable-1;
data-type member-variable-2;
data-type member-variable-3;
...........
...........
};

example:
struct student{
char stName[100];
char stMob[15];
char stAddress[300];
};

In above example "student" is the name of structure. stName, stMob, stAddress are member of structure.

Declaring Structure Variable

There are two ways to declare structure variable.
(1.) with structure body.
(2.) In main() function.

1st-way(with structure body)

Syntax

struct structure_name{
data-type member-variable-1;
data-type member-variable-2;
data-type member-variable-3;
...........
...........
}struct_variable1, sruct_variable2,......;

example:
struct student{
char stName[100];
char stMob[15];
char stAddress[300];
}st1,st2;

In above example st1 and st2 are structure type variable.

2nd-way(in main() function)

Syntax

struct structure-name variable;

example:
struct student st1,st2;

Accessing Member of Structure

There are two ways to access structure members:
(1)By . (member or dot operator)
(2)By -> (structure pointer operator)

Program

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>

struct student{
char stName[100];
char stMob[15];
char stAddress[300];
}st1,st2;

void main(){
clrscr();
puts("Enter name of student:");
gets(st1.stName);
puts("Enter mobile number of student:");
gets(st1.stMob);
puts("Enter address of student:");
gets(st1.stAddress);
printf("\n******************************\n");
puts("Enter name of student:");
gets(st2.stName);
puts("Enter mobile number of student:");
gets(st2.stMob);
puts("Enter address of student:");
gets(st2.stAddress);
printf("\n========student details==========");
printf("\nName of student: ");
printf(st1.stName);
printf("\nStudent mobile number: ");
printf(st1.stMob);
printf("\nAddress of student: ");
printf(st1.stAddress);
printf("\n--------------------------------");
printf("\nName of student:");
printf(st2.stName);
printf("\nStudent mobile number:");
printf(st2.stMob);
printf("\nAddress of student:");
printf(st2.stAddress);
getch();
}

See Output

Program

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>

struct student{
char stName[100];
char stMob[15];
char stAddress[300];
};

void main(){
struct student st1,st2;
clrscr();
puts("Enter name of student:");
gets(st1.stName);
puts("Enter mobile number of student:");
gets(st1.stMob);
puts("Enter address of student:");
gets(st1.stAddress);
printf("\n******************************\n");
puts("Enter name of student:");
gets(st2.stName);
puts("Enter mobile number of student:");
gets(st2.stMob);
puts("Enter address of student:");
gets(st2.stAddress);
printf("\n========student details==========");
printf("\nName of student: ");
printf(st1.stName);
printf("\nStudent mobile number: ");
printf(st1.stMob);
printf("\nAddress of student: ");
printf(st1.stAddress);
printf("\n--------------------------------");
printf("\nName of student:");
printf(st2.stName);
printf("\nStudent mobile number:");
printf(st2.stMob);
printf("\nAddress of student:");
printf(st2.stAddress);
getch();
}

See Output

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